The current security and defence challenges require a new approach to the military logistics. To ensuring collective defence of the Alliance in the 21st century, additionally to the military, a wide range of civilian capabilities and active cooperation between public and private partners, government, science and the private sector is critical. Developing further arrangements to manage efficiently civil capabilities, particularly transport ones, in time of crisis and war and reducing dependency on commercial support will improve military mobility. The article presents current security environment, analysis of NATO civil transport task, structures, procedures and processes enabling civil transport support in crisis and war, including NATO Civil War Time Agencies. This article is related to the research on “Challenges and threats of security and defence of the Republic of Poland in the twenty first century”, which is carried out by the Institute of Security and Defence Systems of the Faculty of Logistics at the Military University of Technology in Warsaw.