Protection of national and European critical infrastructure in the territory of the Republic of Poland is a complex process requiring the efforts of a number of public and private institutions. In particular, owners and users of critical infrastructure systems are obliged to provide such protection. These are key responsibilities from the point of view of national security, as destruction, damage, failure or any other deprivation of the functioning of critical infrastructure could pose a serious threat to the functioning of society on a local, national or even European scale. Indeed, a number of systems cover more than one country. Even if an infrastructure is located in a Member State of the European Union, but its disruption or destruction would have a significant impact on at least two Member States, it is classified as ‘European Union critical infrastructure’. In Poland, critical infrastructure comprises eleven systems comprising facilities, equipment, installations, and services crucial for the security of the state and its citizens. The operators of this infrastructure are both state entities and private owners, however, competent ministers and heads of central offices are responsible for individual systems at the national level. The National Program for Critical Infrastructure Protection is an important document regulating the issues of critical infrastructure protection in Poland. The main objective of the program was to create the conditions for enhancing the security of critical infrastructures, covering all four phases of crisis management: prevention of disruption, emergency preparedness, emergency response and restoration of damaged critical infrastructures. According to the Crisis Management Act, the Director of the Government Security Center is the person responsible for the coordination of all projects and the main executor of the draft program. Detailed information on critical infrastructure is prepared by the Ministers responsible for these systems. The program comes into force after approval of its draft by the Council of Ministers. All levels of public administration are involved in the implementation of tasks included in the National Program for Critical Infrastructure Protection. This is primarily related to the duties of the government and local government administration in the area (sphere) of crisis management. The first program in Poland was introduced on 30 April 2010 by a relevant regulation of the Council of Ministers. The program is updated at least every two years. The 2015 version is available on the website of the Government Security Center1. The next version of this document will be available soon. Keywords: security, national security, regional security, infrastructure.