The aim of the study is to show the role of drugs as a factor underlying the emergence of so-cial pathology among adolescents, which is drug addiction. Initially, the genesis of the con-cept of social pathology was presented based on the literature on the subject. Then, the types of psychoactive substances were characterized, their effects on the mental and physical spheres, and their place in the life of contemporary youth. In the work, as part of the research method, mainly problem and comparative analysis was used in the field of subject literature and thematic monographs.In the modern world, drugs are recognized as one of the most serious social threats. In addition to being the root of many pathologies, they are also a profitable business for many organized crime groups. There are many reasons why people turn to psychoactive drugs. The reasons range from a desire to reduce stress, to encouragement from peers and those closest to them. These types of chemical compounds have been with man since the creation of the primitive community and were originally used as a means for the individual to connect with god, due to their psychedelic and intoxicating effects on the central nervous system. The real problem of social as well as criminal nature started when both drug dealers and consumers became younger and younger people. Psychoactive drugs for young people are available practically in all places where they hang out. These are restaurants, pubs, discos, the nearest neighbourhood, and even school. Another major problem is the change in drug use preferences of young people. In the past, marijuana and hashish, which are considered to be light drugs, were popular. Currently, amphetamines and the more expensive cocaine are similarly popular. As time goes by, drugs become more than just an integral part of weekend fun for young people. As they grow and take on new social roles, psychoactive drugs prove indispensable at school and then at work.