The article presents the expansionary activities of the Russian Federation after 1991, their impact on the perception of the security environment by the Republic of Poland, and analyzes the power of Poland, Russia and selected European countries, whose interests may cause mutual antagonization or cooperation in its eastern part. These include Ukraine, Germany, Sweden, Finland and Turkey. The goal of the Kremlin’s policy is to destroy the existing international order, which causes increased tensions in neighbouring countries, which feel threatened by being a potential target of further aggression. Moreover, the power survey performed showed a significant power disproportion between Poland and Russia in favour of the latter. Therefore, it can be argued that the policy of the Russian Federation poses a significant threat to the interests of the Polish state, and the disproportion of powers may be balanced by international cooperation and the establishment of multi- or bilateral alliances with individual state entities. The aim of the study, therefore, is to confirm whether the power of the potential alliance is sufficient to counteract the Kremlin’s policy. The research methods used in the work are observation, examination of documents as well as analysis and logical construction. The article refers to the Carl Jean paradigm that geopolitics is a method of reasoning used to conceptualize space in material and non-material dimensions, in order to analyze the international situation and to distinguish possibilities, goals and policies, as well as Robert Kagan’s concept of disregarding the resurgent power of Russia.