The aim of the article is to explain the nature of threats associated with cognitive warfare and to identify measures adopted by the state to counteract them. The main research problem is formulated as the following question: how to ensure state security in the face of threats arising from cognitive warfare? In order to address the primary research problem, it was analytically disaggregated into two subsidiary research questions. The first one is formulated as follows: what is the essence of the threats generated by cognitive warfare? The second addresses the following issue: what measures are to be implemented by the state to counteract the impact of cognitive warfare? The following main hypothesis has been adopted: it is assumed that if states implement proactive measures, including early detection of cyber threats, enhanced international cooperation in combating disinformation, the establishment of adaptive and effective legal frameworks, and the development of societal resilience to cognitive challenges, they will create the necessary conditions for effectively mitigating threats arising from cognitive warfare. The findings of the study indicate that threats associated with cognitive warfare constitute one of the principal challenges to contemporary state security, exerting a significant influence on the capacity of societies and armed forces to independently interpret information, accurately assess situational contexts, and undertake rational decision-making processes. The non-kinetic instruments employed within the framework of cognitive warfare enable deliberate interference in the cognitive processes of individuals and social groups, thereby facilitating the shaping of perceptions, attitudes, and behavioral patterns in accordance with the strategic objectives of the influencing actor. Consequently, the cognitive domain has emerged as a critical arena of strategic competition, the significance of which for the functioning and security of the state continues to increase in parallel with ongoing technological and informational developments. Accordingly, the effective mitigation of threats generated by cognitive warfare necessitates the development and reinforcement of state resilience across societal, institutional, and military dimensions. Such efforts should be grounded in the implementation of comprehensive and multidimensional measures encompassing the enhancement of citizens’ information literacy and critical analytical competencies, the advancement of mechanisms for the identification, monitoring, and assessment of disinformation and psychological operations, as well as the integration of advanced information and communication technologies aimed at strengthening cybersecurity. In this regard, building resilience within the cognitive domain should be regarded as an essential component of state security policy and a prerequisite for maintaining the nation’s capacity to respond effectively to the evolving character of contemporary threats. The research methodology applied in this study comprises critical analysis and evaluation of the literature, systemic analysis, reasoning, synthesis and the prognostic method.