The purpose of this article is to characterise the influence of the Ukraine’s vicinity on the safety of Poland. The article presents both positive and negative aspects of Polish-Ukrainian relations, as well as defines terms from the scope of geopolitics and safety. The article also describes Polish-Ukrainian relations and international positions of both countries, as well as draws attention to threats from the side of Ukraine and possible ways to counteract them. The article ends with results of a poll that examined the feeling of safety among the students of PWSZ Chełm. The first part of the article is focused on aspects theoretical and definitional. Attention in it was drawn to how defined was and is geopolitics, what are the fields of it. Based on a multitude of definitions there is possible thesis, that this is idea hard to define in one, correct way. Because it could be emphasized other aspects of geopolitics, which will not be a mistake. The situation is similar in the case of the concept of security, it is also difficult to define unequivocally. It concerns on many domains of human life, what causes, that every definition is both correct and wrong. The next part of the article contains a general description of Poland and Ukraine, and then their mutual relations after 1991, from the moment the Ukraine gained independence. It resemble a sine wave because the periods of good and intense cooperation are intertwined with moments of cooling down the relations and with the reduction of cooperation. The third part presents threats to the security of Poland resulting from the vicinity of Ukraine and possible ways of counteracting them. Examples of political, economic and social risks are supported by descriptions of various types of events that have occurred in the past. The last part presents the results of the survey examining the sense of security among the students of the PWSZ Chełm. It was consisted of six questions. People were asked about their gender, place of residence, the visibility of people of Ukrainian nationality in their immediate vicinity, the sense of security in their place of residence, the impact of Ukraine's neighborhood on security, and asked to indicate the greatest, in the opinion of the interviewees, threat to Polish security from the Ukrainian side.