The aim of this study is a polemological analysis of the conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. The main research problem of the article was defined in the form of a question: can the analyzed conflict be classified as old or new wars? The secondary goal, however, was to indicate the characteristic elements of this analysis. The following research methods were used in the work: definition, which allowed to define the uniqueness of terms, analysis and synthesis, which allowed for appropriate interpretation of the existing data, induction and deduction, which allowed for finding answers to the research question considered in the work. The work also uses the method of comparative analysis in terms of definitions relating to the discussed scope. The analysis of sources, monographs and scientific articles dealing with the research topic was also used.